In the U.S., the prevailing style is called American style, whereby commas and periods are almost always placed inside closing quotation marks. This style of punctuation is common in the U.S. and Canada, and is the style usually recommended by The Chicago Manual of Style and most other American style guides. However, many American style guides specific to certain specialties, such as legal writing and linguistics, prefer British style.
When dealing with words-as-words, short-form works and sentence fragments, this style places periods and commas inside the quotation marks:
- "Carefree," in general, means "free from care or anxiety."
- The name of the song was "Gloria," which many already knew.
- She said she felt "free from care and anxiety."
This style also places periods and commas inside the quotation marks when dealing with direct speech, regardless of whether the work is fiction or non-fiction:
- "Today," said Cinderella, "I feel free from care and anxiety." (fiction)
- "Today," said the Prime Minister, "I feel free from care and anxiety." (non-fiction)
Many American style guides explicitly permit periods and commas outside the quotation marks when the presence of the punctuation mark inside the quotation marks will lead to ambiguity...